Genocide of Azerbaijanis
Genocide of Azerbaijanis
ATAKHAN PASHAYEV,
HEAD OF THE STATE ARCHIVES AT THE CABINET OF MINISTERS OF THE AZERBAIJAN REPUBLIC
As
far back as in the IV century Armenians lost their statehood. Within
1500 year period they tried to re-establish it. But all in vain. The
true nature of Armenians was well known to Byzantines, that joined
Byzantine Empire at times. If there were not settlement of Turks in
Anadolu in the XI century Armenians would have a crash of their nation.
It is interesting, that these facts were reflected in Armenian sources
in detail, too. Same sources point out the contribution of Turk to the
formation of Armenians as nation. After Turk’s coming to Anadolu
Armenians had become free of military obligations. Armenians received
rights to open their own schools, to establish churches and to use
their own language. As Armenians were experienced in trade affairs they
soon managed to be involve in commerce in Turkey, later on they managed
to involve in economy, too. Soon, they displayed their malevolent
character and opposed Turkey. They dreamt the creation of the "Great
Armenia" on the territories of Osman Turkey. For this purpose they
appealed to the European states at first. But it was in vain and then
they addressed to Russia.
Armenians misused ingeniously of
Tzar Peter’s I ideas of invasion to Southwards as well as his wishes to
possess Southern Seas. It should be pointed out that Armenians
contributed mostly to the coming of Russians to Caucasus. Armenians
supported Russians by all means during Russian - Iranian and Russian -
Turkish wars. Later on, as a compensation for that Armenians got from
Russians everything they wanted. Armenians were empowered to be leaders
in Turkish cities, regions and villages occupied by the army of the
Tzar. Misusing given authorities to Armenians, they began to pursue a
policy of genocide.
At the beginning of XIX century peace
agreements were concluded between Russia and Turkey and Russia and
Iran. Soon 86.000 ethnic Armenians from Turkey and 40.000 ethnic
Armenians from Iran migrated to our territories — Western Azerbaijan
presently named Armenia. A region was also conferred to Armenians who
settled on the territories of Iravan, Nakhchivan and Karabakh Khanates.
Later, several times Russian writer A. Griboyedov, who played a
prominent role in the sphere of resettlement of Armenians in Caucasus
mentioned Armenians as a treacherous nation. It seems that, Russians
guessed the prime purpose of Armenians at first. That is why in 1846
while establishing a province governing method the Armenian region was
abolished.
We could divide a policy of Armenians in Caucasus
into two stages (lasting from beginning of XIX century till now): -
from 20-30s to 80-90s strengthening of their positions on the
territories of Azerbaijan; - beginning from 90s of the X I X century —
claiming to the territories of Turkey and Azerbaijan.
Another
issue is too very important. On Caucasus in 1887 Armenians created
"Gnchak" Party and in 1890 "Dashnaktsutun" Party. From that time their
territorial claims systematically increased. Armenians used every
possible means to make true their idea of creation of the "Great
Armenia" in the Eastern provinces of the Osman Empire and on Caucasus
populated by Turks and Azeris.
In 1905-1906 they committed
massacre in Baku. Later a Governor of Elizavetpol wrote in one of his
letters that Armenians misused a chance and established borders on the
territories of Azerbaijan where they lived together with Muslims. In
some places they even exiled Muslims and populated their lands by
Armenians migrated from Iran and Turkey. In 1906 a meeting of the Azeri
and Armenian representatives was held. This meeting chaired by I.
Vorontsov-Dashkov discussed issues of reconciliation. While opening
meeting I. Vorontsov-Dashkov proposed not to look for guilty parties.
There is an interesting fact that in 1988 M.S.Gorbachev, ex-leader of
the USSR said the same words while opening a meeting. The Armenians
were always in guilty. But they had always been justified.
The
World War I gave the best opportunities for Armenians to make their
ideas true. A participation of Turkey in that War and the opening of
Eastern front gave a chance to Armenians to do everything they wanted.
Russian troops of Eastern front that consisted of many Armenian
groupings and divisions battled against Turks. As a preventive and
protective measures leadership of Osmanly government forced to move
aggressive Armenians from front Sine of Eastern Anadolu to the other
places of the Empire. Armenians presented those measures like a policy
of genocide and launched an agitation campaign against Turks worldwide.
That campaign is still in force.
A collapse of Tzarism in
Russia and a victory of the October Revolution gave a new impulse to
the idea of Armenians to establish their own state. Eastern front was
full of Armenian soldiers after Russia had left the war. Even during
the war Armenians stole a lot of ammunitions and guns and transmitted
everything confidentially to the territories of Azerbaijan,
concentrating it mainly in Karabakh and Shamakhy. S. Shaumyan was
appointed by V. Lenin as a Commissioner for Caucasus. Thus, S.Shaumyan
came in Tiflis and was forced to leave the city in the same day.
Nevertheless, in Baku Shaumyan was welcomed and even elected a Chairman
of the Council of People's Representatives. Using his post Shaumyan did
not permit to disarm Armenian dashnak groups coming back from front to
Baku. It were the same Armenian groups which in March 1918 massacred
Azeris. Shaumyan headed 6.000 soldiers and officers. Dashnaks headed
4.600 of them. It is necessary to point out that 70—80% of Soviet Army
troops invaded in Baku in January 1990 comprised Armenians. In I918
Armenians saw a good possibility to occupy Baku. They began to look for
suitable reasons to make their plans true. A long-lasting process of
negotiations was held. Azeris did not want to be involved into a
military conflict with Armenians. Finally, Armenians found a reason
using an accidental death of a son of Zeynalabdin Tagiyev. They ordered
to disarm representatives of Muslim division coming back from mentioned
funeral in Baku. Representatives of division did not want to be
disarmed. It was a weighty reason for Armenians to began comprehensive
massacre of Azeris in Baku. At the same time Armenians attacked Azeris
in the Garabag region and other regions of Azerbaijan.
Our
archives has "Events of March" book of Mammad Muradzade. During that
period he was 17 or 18 years old. This book published in 1919 is very
heart-touching. An author describes in an expressive way all scenes he
witnessed. Armenians murdered his father and uncle at first. Then they
killed his relatives. This young gentleman together with his two
brothers could survive in a house of Jewish man. After conciliation on
April 1 he began to look for his mother and reach Mayilov Theatre.
Among persons leaving the Theatre author saw his mother. He followed
her along a street full of Armenians. They were asking whether they
became the possessors of Caucasus or not. It was not possible to suffer
such insulting words of Armenians - the minority of the Baku
population. In Baku Armenians created such conditions that did not give
possibilities for some civilians to find out corpses of their
relatives. A blood of innocent Azeris was like a puddle in the streets.
In his book author blames ourselves, because
Azeris themselves
have always been trusting Armenians. It is a fact that Armenian killers
were headed by Shaumyan. Along with accidents in Baku Armenians
committed outrageous crimes in Shamakhy as well. The greatest number of
persons murdered by Armenians belongs to Shamakhy. Shamakhy city was
completely destroyed. Its 86 villages out of 120 were completely
destroyed too. Our archives has a documents prepared by Ad - hoc
Research Commission. These documents indicate exact numbers of persons
murdered in villages of Shamakhy. A number of civilians murdered in 53
villages is about 10.000. Exact number of those killed in Shamakhy was
not defined. After 1920 different numbers are given in immigration
literature. One source informs about 12.000 killed Azeris, another one
about 17.000. There even were such families in Shamakhy that were
completely murdered.
After Shamakhy Armenian gunmen moved
towards Guba. S. Shaumyan had ordered to bolshevik Korganov and the
last one sent 2000 armed Armenians headed by dashnak Amazaspan to Guba.
They committed many crimes and killed thousands Azeris.
Later
on, severe atrocities against Azeris were committed by Armenians in
Zangazur and Karabakh. Before October -November 1918 Armenians killed
10.000 persons in Zangazur and destroyed many Azeri villages.
First
Decree of newly established Azerbaijan People's Power (Jumhuriyyat) was
devoted to the creation of Ad - hoc Commission aimed at investigation
of crimes committed against Azeris during the World War 1st. On August
31, 1918 such Commission was established. It began its activities
headed by Alakbar bay Khasmatov. Later on the Commission sent to the
delegation of Azerbaijan in Paris 95 photos and 6 volumes of
investigation materials. Unfortunately, neither those materials nor
photos survived. During its activities Ad-hoc Investigating Commission
prepared 36 volumes (more than 3500 papers) of investigating materials.
Majority of those materials are being kept in our archives.
After
incidents in Guba, the head of the city met with A. Japaridze and S.
Shaumyan. Giving the explanations he said that Japaridze was informed
in details of those incidents. He gave serious attention to mentioned
issues. S. Shaumyan's attitude was with mockery. He considered a death
of 5-6 Muslims as a nothing serious.
Ad-hoc Commission on
Investigation prepared papers necessary to institute criminal
proceedings against Armenians guilty in different crimes against
Azeris. But later on all investigations on national conflicts were
over. It was done because of amnesty proclaimed by Jumhuriyyat
Parliament with an aim of the de-facto recognition of Azerbaijan at the
Paris Peace Conference in January 1920. A victory of the Soviet Power
in Transcaucasia gave nice possibilities for Armenians to
misappropriate territories of Azerbaijan.
In Soviet times
Armenians had always been pursuing two purposes. The first one was to
force Azeris to migrate from present Armenian territories. The second
one was to increase their own land on the account of the territories of
Azerbaijan. Both of their ideas were successful.
All our new
troubles are caused by our short memory. Azeris forget very quickly
their past tragedies. We completely forgot tragedy of March 1918 and
other incidents. We should not delete from our memory occurred
tragedies in order to prevent the future ones.
Corresponding
Decrees of Mr. Heydar Aliyev, our President (from December 18, 1997 and
from March 26, 1998) arc of great importance. Those Decrees are our
instructions. They embrace all spheres of necessary work to be done. I
think that one of our main commitments is to inform the world community
about tragedies of Azeris and to expose a real nature of Armenians.
Kaynak; Realgenocide.blogcu.com
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